Battle of Palashi

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cUf„wg  cjvkx hyG«¬i ‰K my`xNÆ cUf„wg AvGQ| 1650 ‰i `kGKi cÉ^g ˆ^GK BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwb hLb evsjvq Õ©vqxfvGe emevm ÷i‚ KGi ZLb, ˆ^GK ‰ cUf„wgi mƒPbv nq ejGj ˆewk ejv nGe bv| evsjvi gyMj kvmKMY BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbGK evsjvq emevGmi AbygwZ ˆ`b ‰es eQGi gvò wZb nvRvi UvKv cÉ`vGbi wewbgGq Zviv ÷Í•gyî× evwYRÅ Kivi AwaKvi cvq| üMwj I KvwmgevRvGi evwYRÅGK±`Ê MGo ˆZvjvi KGqK eQGii gGaÅB AvKvGi ‰es gƒjab wbGqvGM ˆKvÁ·vwbi eÅemv-evwYRÅ `Ë‚Z evoGZ ^vGK| wK¯§ mµ¦`k kZvõxi w«¼ZxqvGaÆ evsjvi Afů¦ixY evwYGRÅ ZvG`i AbycÉGek evsjvi myevn`vi kvGqÕ¦v Lvb I BsGiRG`i gGaÅ «¼G±«¼i KviY nGq `uvovq| kvGqÕ¦v Lvb cieZÆxmgGq BsGiRiv KjKvZvq emevm Kivi AwaKvi cvq ‰es KjKvZv, ˆMvwe±`cyi I myZvbwU bvGg wZbwU MÉvg wKGb Zviv cÉ^g Rwg`vwi cÉwZwÓ¤Z KGi| BsGiRiv KjKvZvq ˆdvUÆ DBwjqg bvGg ‰KwU `yMÆI wbgÆvY KGi|

Rwg`vwi ò×q I ˆdvUÆ DBwjqg cÉwZÓ¤v BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi RbÅ LyeB myweavRbK eGj cÉgvwYZ nq ‰es ‰àwji gvaÅGg ˆh KvGqwg Õ¼vG^Æi R¯Ã ˆbq Zv ˆKvÁ·vwbGK KjKvZvi AvGkcvGk AviI Rwg`vwi (38 wU MÉvg) wKbGZ DrmvwnZ KGi| BGZvgGaÅ evwYwRÅK myweavi AceÅenvGii `i‚Y evsjvi bIqveG`i mGã ZvG`i mÁ·GKÆi `Ë‚Z AebwZ NGU| KjKvZvi ˆKvÁ·vwb KZ‡ÆcÞ ‰ mKj AbÅvq KvR eG®¬i RbÅ cwiPvjK mfvi wbG`Ækvewji cÉwZ ˆKvb ài‚Z½B cÉvq w`wœQj bv ‰es `Õ¦K ‰i myweavw` Avg`vwb iµ¦vwb evwYRÅ ˆÞGòi evBGi Afů¦ixY evwYGRÅI A‹eafvGe Zviv eÅenvi KiGZ ^vGK| ‰KB mGã ˆKvÁ·vwbi KgÆPvixMY evwYGRÅi Qvocò ZvG`i eÅwî×MZ eÅemvi ˆÞGò eÅenvi ÷i‚ KGi|

ˆKvÁ·vwb AviI AwaK myGhvM-myweav Av`vGqi cÉGPÓ¡vq gyMj mgËvU dii‚L wmqvi ‰i wbKU aYÆv ˆ`q| wZwb ‰K digvb ‰i gvaÅGg (1717) BsGiR BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbGK wKQy ài‚Z½cƒYÆ myweav cÉ`vb KGib| ‰ mKj myweavi gGaÅ wQj ÷Í•gyî× evwYRÅ, KjKvZvq UvKkvj Õ©vcb ‰es wKQy kZÆ mvGcGÞ 38wU MÉvg ò×q Kivi AwaKvi| ˆhGnZz AbÅvbÅ eÅemvqxG`i wbw`ÆÓ¡ nvGi kyÍ• w`GZ nGZv, Avi BsGiR I ZvG`i mnGhvMxiv ÷Í•gyî× evwYRÅ KiZ, ZvB Õ©vbxq eÅemvqxG`i Afů¦ixY evwYRÅ ˆ^GK DrLvZ nIqvi fq ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| bIqve gywkÆ`Kzjx Lvb digvGbi evÕ¦evqGb evav ˆ`b| wZwb Abyfe KGib ˆh, ˆKvÁ·vwbi Avg`vwb-iµ¦vwb evwYRÅ eüàGY e†w«¬ ˆcGjI ‰ eÅeÕ©vq ˆKvÁ·vwb bvggvò evwlÆK wZb nvRvi UvKv miKviGK w`Ge ‰es ˆKvÁ·vwbi ‰ weGkl myweavi dGj miKvi Zvi AvBbvbyM evwYRÅ ÷Í• I UvKkvGji Dci cÉvcÅ Ki ˆ^GK ewçZ nGe|

1756 mvGji ‰wcÉj gvGm wmivRDGóŒjvi ÞgZv MÉnGYi mGã mGã bIqve ‰es BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi gGaÅ weGiva AwbevhÆ nGq cGo| bexb bIqve cÉ^g evGii gZ evsjvq ˆKvÁ·vwbi A‹ea KvhÆò×Ggi ZxeË cÉwZev` Rvbvb| weËwUkG`i wei‚G«¬ Zuvi wZbwU cÉavb AwfGhvM wQj: AbygwZ eÅZxZ ˆdvUÆ DBwjqGg cÉvPxi wbgÆvY I msÕ•vi, eÅwî×MZ A‹ea eÅemv ‰es ˆKvÁ·vwbi KgÆPvixG`i «¼viv `Õ¦GKi wbjÆä AceÅenvi ‰es bIqvGei AevaÅ cÉRvG`i ˆeAvBwbfvGe AvkÉq cÉ`vb| DwÍÏwLZ AwfGhvMmgƒGni gxgvsmvi RbÅ c`GÞc wbGZ bIqve weËwUkG`i Avn»vb Rvbvb ‰es kvw¯¦cƒYÆ AvGjvPbvi gvaÅGg weGiva wbimGbi RbÅ KjKvZvq AGbK cÉwZwbwa`j cvVvb| bIqve ˆKvÁ·vwbi wbKU K‡ú`vmGK Zuvi nvGZ mgcÆGYi `vwe KGib ‰es bZzb cÉvPxi ˆfGO ˆdjGZ I KjKvZvi Pviw`GKi cwiLv fivU KiGZ wbG`Æk ˆ`b| bIqvGei ˆh weGkl `ƒZ ‰ mKj `vwe mÁ¼wjZ wPwV wbGq KjKvZvq hvb BsGiRiv ZvGK AcgvwbZ KGi| KjKvZvi BsGiR MfbÆi iRvi ˆWÈK ˆh Pig AcgvbRbKfvGe bIqvGei cÉwZwbwa bvivqY wmsnGK weZvwoZ KGi Zv mweÕ¦vi ÷Gb bIqve AZů¦ ivMvw¯¼Z nb| ˆkvbv hvq, ˆWÈK bvwK ‰B eGj g¯¦eÅ KGib, ‘ˆm (bIqve) hZ ZvovZvwo KjKvZvq AvGm ZZ fvj ‰es ˆm (ˆWÈK) AbÅ Avi ‰K RbGK bIqve KiGe’|

bIqve ZrÞYvr KvwmgevRvi KzwV AeGivGai AvG`k ˆ`b| KzwVi cÉavb AvZÄmgcÆY KGi wK¯§ KjKvZvi BsGiR MfbÆi AevaÅZv I ‰KàuGqwg cÉ`kÆb KGib| dGj bIqve KjKvZv Awfhvb KGi Zv `Lj KGi ˆbb| ‰ civRGqi ci evsjvq ˆKvÁ·vwbi cybtcÉwZÓ¤v `yB DcvGq Kiv mÁ¿eci wQj, nq bevGei wbKU AvZÄmgcÆY bGPr civRGqi cÉwZGkva wbGZ ej cÉGqvM| evsjvq ˆh mKj weËwUk wQj Zviv AwZwiî× ˆmbv cvVvGbvi RbÅ gv`ËvGRi ˆdvUÆ ˆm´Ÿ RGRÆ Ri‚wi Lei cvVvq| ˆmLvb nGZ ievUÆ KÑvBf I ‰WwgivjIqvUmb ‰i AaxGb ‰K`j weËwUk ŠmbÅ evsjvq cvVvGbv nq| Zviv 1757 mvGji Rvbyqvwi gvGm KjKvZv cybi‚«¬vi KGi ‰es bIqvGei wei‚G«¬ hy«¬ ˆNvlYv KGi| wmivRDGóŒjv BsGiRG`i mGã AvjxbMGii mw®¬ Õ¼vÞi KiGZ evaÅ nb|

loh¯¨  wK¯§ BsGiRiv mw®¬i kZÆvw` AMÉvnÅ KiGZ ^vKvq hyG«¬i Pvcv DGîRbv PjGZ ^vGK| Zviv bIqvGei cÉwZ wei…c cvwil`G`i wbGq lohG¯¨ wjµ¦ nq| gywkÆ`vev` `ievGi wKQy cÉfvekvjx AgvZÅ bIqve wmivRDGóŒjvi cÉwZ ˆh Am¯§Ó¡ wQj Zv AÕ¼xKvi Kiv hvq bv| bIqveGK DrLvZ Kivi DGóGkÅ Zviv loh¯¨ ÷i‚ KGi| ZGe weËwUkMY mwò×qfvGe ‰ lohG¯¨ RwoZ bv nGj AvG`Œ ˆKvb cjvkx ‘weµÏe’ msNwUZ nIqv mÁ¿e nGZv wKbv Zv weGklfvGe LwZGq ˆ`Lv `iKvi| bIqveGK ÞgZvPzÅZ Kivi loh¯¨ P„ov¯¦KiGY AbÅvbÅ loh¯¨Kvixi Zzjbvq weËwUGkivB ZvG`i cwiK͸bv evÕ¦evqGb ˆewk D`MÉxe I AMÉYx wQj| j´£Gb ˆKvÁ·vwbi cwiPvjKgíjx ˆZgb DG`ÅvMx bv nGjI fviGZ ˆKvÁ·vwbi KgÆPvix ‰es weËwUk evwYGRÅi mGã NwbÓ¤fvGe mÁ·†î× dUKvevR eÅemvqxMY mgGq mgGq fviGZ f„-LíMZ AwaKvi cÉwZÓ¤vi AbyK„Gj myÕ·Ó¡ gZvgZ ivGL| AÓ¡v`k kZvõxi gaÅfvGM ˆKvÁ·vwbi KgÆPvixG`i eÅwî×MZ eÅemv wb`vi‚Y mgmÅvi mÁÃyLxb nq ‰es Zviv ZvG`i wbRÕ¼ eÅemvi D®²wZ cybi‚«¬vi KG͸ Avav-mvgËvRÅev`x bxwZ MÉnY KGi|

evÕ¦weK cGÞ ˆdvUÆ ˆm´Ÿ RRÆ KvDw´ÖGji wbG`Ækbvgvq (AGÙvei 13, 1756) ‘cjvkx lohG¯¨i’ exR ecb Kiv nq| ‘wbG`Æk bvgv’i civgkÆ gGZv ‘÷ay KjKvZv cybi‚«¬vi’ I ‘wecyj ÞwZcƒiY’ Av`vq KiGj PjGe bv, eis ‘evsjv cÉG`Gk bIqvGei DMÉZvq weÞzº¬ eÅwî×eMÆ ev hviv bIqve nGZ Awfjvlx ZvG`i mGã ˆhvMvGhvM Õ©vcGbi RbÅ cÉGivwPZ Kiv nq’| DcG`kgvjvi ˆklvsGki AwfeÅwî× ‰Z Õ·Ó¡ ˆh, Avi ˆewk wKQy LyGj ejvi cÉGqvRb cGo bv| ‰gbwK, KÑvBfI gv`ËvR ˆ^GK hvòvi cƒGeÆ wjGLb ˆh, wmivRDGóŒjv `yeÆj kvmK ‰es bIqvGei ˆewkifvM cvwil`B Zuvi cÉwZ wei…cgGbvfvevc®²| KÑvBGfi cieZÆx g¯¦GeÅ cÉZxqgvb nq ˆh, bIqve `ievGii wei…c gGbvfveB BsGiRG`iGK ài‚Z½cƒYÆ K„UPvGj (KÑvBGfi fvlvq ‘nice important game’) wjµ¦ nGZ DrmvwnZ KGi ‰es ‰GZ KGi cjvkxGZ Pig AvNvZ nvbvi loh¯¨ Z½ivw¯¼Z nq| KÑvBf ‰es IgÆ (BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi `ievwi HwZnvwmK), whwb 1750-‰i `kGKi cÉ^g fvM chƯ¦ evsjvq AeÕ©vb KGib, DfGq KGbÆj Õ•GUi evsjv `Lj Kivi cwiK͸bv welGq AwfwnZ wQGjb| Õ•U 1752 mvGj KjKvZvq cwiK͸bvwU cÉYqb KGib ‰es Zv ZLb ˆdvUÆ ˆm´Ÿ RGRÆi KvDw´ÖGj msiwÞZ wQj| BZtcƒGeÆ 1749-50-‰i kxZKvGj KjKvZv ˆ`LGZ ‰Gm KÑvBf evsjvi a‹bk¼GhÆ gy™¬ nb| 1740-‰i `kGKi ˆkl chÆvGq ‰es 1750-‰i `kGKi cÉ^g w`GK weËwUkG`i eÅwî×MZ evwYRÅ fxlY mgmÅvq cGo| ‰i KviY wnGmGe divwmG`i eÅwî×MZ ‰es AviGgwbqvb eÅemvqx LvRv IqvGRG`i mvgyw`ËK evwYGRÅi nVvr e†w«¬GK `vqx Kiv nq| WvP `wjj cGò cÉvµ¦ mgy`ËcG^ gvj PjvPGji wnmve ˆ^GK ‰i mg^Æb ˆgGj| ZvBdivwm evOvwj Šgòx cÉwZGivaKG͸ divwmG`i a»sm ‰es eÅwî×MZ eÅemvi gvaÅGg weËwUkG`i fvMÅMovi AcwinvhÆ Dcv`vb eÅwî× weGkGli A‹ea eÅemv I ‘`Õ¦K’‰i AceÅenvi ˆivGa msK͸e«¬ wmivGRi cZb NUvGbv Avav-mvgËvRÅev`x ˆKvÁ·vwbi KgÆPvixG`i gƒj jÞÅ nGq `uvovq|

AGbK HwZnvwmK hw`I `†pfvGe gZ ˆcvlY KGib ˆh, fviZxq loh¯¨KvixMYB mnGhvwMZv jvGfi Avkvq cwiKw͸Z ‘weµÏe’ NUvGbvi RbÅ weËwUkG`i mGã ˆhvMvGhvM KGi, ZeyI `wjjvw`i mwVK I mZKÆ weGkÏlGY mG±`nvZxZ fvGe cÉZxqgvb nq ˆh, weËwUkivB ZvG`i cwiKw͸Z ‘weG`Ëvn’ evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ bIqve `ievGii wei‚«¬ev`xG`i mg^Æb Av`vGqi RbÅ ˆhvMvGhvM Kivi eÅvcvGi AMÉYx f„wgKv cvjb KGi| KvwmgevRvi ˆ^GK 1757 mvGji 9 ‰wcÉj ZvwiGL jyK ˆÕ˜dUb KÑvBGfi wek¼vmfvRb Rb IqvjkGK ˆjLv cGò ‰ aviYvi AbyK„Gj BwãZ cvIqv hvq| wZwb wjGLb, ‘Ck¼Gii ˆ`vnvB, AvgvG`i wbw`ÆÓ¡ wKQy cwiK͸bv gGZv AMÉmi nIqv `iKvi... ˆKvÁ·vwbi cÉwZ Abyiî× bIqve cvIqv ˆKvÁ·vwbi RbÅ KZB bv ˆMŒieRbK nGe’| Bqvi jwZdGK bZzb bIqve wnGmGe cÉwZwÓ¤Z Kivi cwiK͸bv mÁ·GKÆ wZwb 18 ‰wcÉj AveviI IqvjkGK wjGLb| BGZvgGaÅ 23 ‰wcÉj wmGjÙ KwgwU ŠeµÏweK cwieZÆbGK miKvwi bxwZ eGj MÉnY KGi| ‰KB w`b KÑvBf ˆÕ˜dUbGK gywkÆ`vevG` ^vKvi AbygwZ w`GZ KwgwUGK AbyGiva Rvbvq ˆKbbv, ‘ài‚Z½cƒYÆ welqvw`GZ eÅÕ¦ ^vKvi gGZv KvR Zvi RbÅ ˆmLvGb wQj’| cwiK͸bvi cGÞ mg^Æb ˆhvMvGbvi RbÅ IqvUm ‰es ˆÕ˜dUb gywkÆ`vevG` mwò×qfvGe eÅÕ¦ wQGjb|

ievUÆ IGgÆi KvQ ˆ^GK Rvbv hvq ˆh, bIqvGei cÉwZ gxiRvdGii Am¯§wÓ¡i welGq RvbGZ ˆcGi KÑvBf IqvUmGK gxiRvdGii mGã e®¬zZ½ cÉwZÓ¤vi civgkÆ ˆ`q| IqvUm ‰es ˆÕ˜dUb KjKvZvi weLÅvZ eÅemvqxDwgPuv` ‰i mGã ˆhvMvGhvM KGib ‰es bIqve `ievGii cÉavb cÉavb KgÆKZÆvG`i mGã mÁ·KÆ MGo ˆZvGjb| IqvUm KZ‡ÆK ˆcÉwiZ cÉwZwbwa DwgPuvG`i wbKU Bqvi jwZGdi bIqve nIqvi BœQv msGMvcGb cÉKvk KGib ‰es AviI Rvbvb ˆh `xDqvb ivq `yjÆfivg I cÉfvekvjx eÅvsK gvwjK RMr ˆkV ZvGK mg^Æb KiGeb| IqvUm mGã mGã cwiK͸bvwU jyGd ˆbq ‰es Zv KÑvBfGK Rvbvq| ‰wU KÑvBGfi AbyGgv`b jvf KGi|

wK¯§ kxNÉB Avi ‰K `vwe`vi iãgGç DcwÕ©Z nq| IGgÆi eYÆbv AbymvGi KjKvZvq emevmKvix LvRv ˆcUÇm bvGg R‹bK AvGgÆbxq eÅemvqxi gvaÅGg gxiRvdi bIqve nIqvi BœQv BsGiRG`i wbKU cÉKvk KGib| AekÅ cieZÆx mgGq wcZvi wbKU ˆjLv IqvUGmi wPwVGZ AbÅ aviYv cvIqv hvq| ‰GZ ejv nq ˆh, IqvUm Õ¼qs bIqve Kivi cwiK͸bvwU gxiRvdiGK Rvbvq| IqvUm AviI wjGLb, gxiRvdi ‘mvMÉGn Avgvi cwiK͸bv MÉnY KGib ‰es AvgvG`i mnGhvwMZvq ZvGK bIqve Kivi wewbgGq ˆh ˆKvb iKGgi hywî×cƒYÆ Pzwî× KiGZ mÁÃZ nq’| KjKvZvi wmGjÙ KwgwU gxiRvdGii AbyK„Gj meÆmÁÃZ cÉÕ¦ve MÉnY KGi ‰es IqvUmGK gxiRvdGii mGã Pzwî×i kZÆvw`i welGq AvGjvPbvi `vwqZ½ ˆ`Iqv nq|

wK¯§ loh¯¨ ZLbI cÉv^wgK chÆvGq wQj ‰es gxiRvdiGK mÁ·ƒYÆi…Gc wek¼vm Kiv hvwœQj bv| ‰ KviGY 2 ˆg gxiRvdiGK wbøqZv ˆ`Iqvi RbÅ KÑvBf IqvUmGK Rvbvb, ‘fGqi ˆKvb KviY ˆbB, weËwUkiv bIqveGK ˆ`kQvov Kivi RbÅ ‘hG^Ó¡ kwî×ai’ ‰es cÉwZkÉ‚wZ ˆ`b ˆh ˆkl kwî×UzKz w`Gq nGjI BsGiRiv gxiRvdGii RbÅ KvR KGi hvGe’| 30 ˆg chƯ¦ gxiRvdi gywkÆ`vevG` AeÕ©vb KiwQGjb| wK¯§ IqvUm Zvi mGã ˆKvb cÉKvi Pzwî× Õ¼vÞGi eÅ^Æ nb| AeGkGl 5 Ryb IqvUm ‘jvj’ (DwgPuv`GK ˆavKv ˆ`Iqvi RbÅ wg^Åv Pzwî×) I ‘mv`v’ Pzwî×bvgvq gxiRvdGii Õ¼vÞi Av`vGq mÞg nb|

hyG«¬i weeiY  Pzwî×Õ¼vÞi mGî½I cwiKw͸Z ‘weµÏe’ evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ wmGjÙ KwgwU fxlY AwÕ©i nGq cGo| mivmwi gywkÆ`vevG`i w`GK AMÉmi nIqv mGeÆvîg nGe, bv gxiRvdGii wbKU ˆ^GK AviI civgkÆ ‰es Awfhvb cwiPvjbvi ˆKŒkj welGq Rvbvi RbÅ AGcÞv KiGe ‰ wbGq 11 Ryb wmGjÙ KwgwU axi I mZKÆ wP¯¦vfvebv KiGZ ^vGK| meÆmÁÃZ wm«¬v¯¦ nq ‘eZÆgvb mw®¬ÞGY mGeÆvîg myweavRbK KvR nGe gxiRvdGii cGÞ weµÏe evÕ¦evwqZ Kivi RbÅ c`GÞc MÉnY,’ ˆKbbv AviI wejÁ¼ nGj bIqvGei wbKU loh¯¨ cÉKvk nGq hvGe ‰es gxiRvdiGK mwiGq ˆ`Iqv nGe, dGj ‘AvgvG`i ˆMvUv cwiK͸bv’ ‘fíyj’ nGe ‰es weËwUGkiv ‰Kv ‘mwÁÃwjZ ˆ`kxq kwî×i wei‚G«¬ jovi RbÅ gvGV ^vKGe’| Z`bymvGi 13 Ryb KÑvBfgywkÆ`vev` AwfgyGL hvòv ÷i‚ KGib|

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